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Diamonds are mined in many countries, and are found in a wide range of shapes, sizes and colors, with most being white or near-white. The biggest producer of diamonds in volume terms is Russian miner Alrosa, while the world famous De Beers sells the most in financial terms. De Beers' sales in 2018 were around $6 billion.
Most natural diamonds are created under high-pressure high-temperature conditions 140 to 190 kilometers under the surface of the Earth. Minerals containing carbon provide the source, and the growth of the diamond takes place over periods of 1 billion to 3.3 billion years.
Diamonds are then carried to the Earth's surface due to eruptions deep underground creating magma which cools and creates rocks known as kimberlites where they can then be mined.
